Substance Use Disorders

Substance Use Disorders involve the recurrent use of alcohol or drugs leading to clinically significant impairment, health problems, or distress. They range from mild to severe and can include physical dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal.

Key Points:

• Categories: Alcohol, opioids (heroin, prescription painkillers), stimulants (cocaine, amphetamines), cannabis, and others.
• Risk Factors: Genetics, environmental exposure, co-occurring mental health disorders, early substance use.
• Treatment: Detoxification, medication-assisted treatment (e.g., methadone, buprenorphine), 12-step programs (e.g., AA), psychotherapy (CBT, motivational interviewing), and relapse prevention.

---